d-h-n.de » Linux

Installing VMWare Tools on Debian 6 (squeeze)

July 17th, 2012 . by admin

Before install VMware Tools on Debian 6 you must install following packages:

# aptitude install gcc make linux-headers-$(uname -r)

Posted in Debian, VMWare | No Comments »

udev: renamed network interface eth0 to eth2

June 7th, 2012 . by admin

When you create a full clone in VMWare and during booting you see this messages:

Bringing up interface eth0: Device eth0 does not seem to be present, delay initialization
										[FAILED]
Bringing up interface eth1: Device eth1 does not seem to be present, delay initialization
										[FAILED]

..and from dmesg

[root@oel62 ~]# dmesg | grep -i eth
..
udev: renamed network interface eth0 to eth2
udev: renamed network interface eth1 to eth3

..and when run ifconfig

[root@oel62 ~]# ifconfig
eth2      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:55:BA:2A
          inet addr:192.168.80.134  Bcast:192.168.80.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
..
eth3      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:55:BA:34
          inet addr:192.168.180.136  Bcast:192.168.180.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
..

..and when restart service network

[root@oel62 ~]# service network restart
Shutting down loopback interface:                          [  OK  ]
Bringing up loopback interface:                            [  OK  ]
Bringing up interface eth0:  Error: No suitable device found: no device found for connection 'System eth0'.
                                                           [FAILED]
Bringing up interface eth1:  Error: No suitable device found: no device found for connection 'System eth1'.
                                                           [FAILED]

TODO:
Correct MAC or HWADDR in files:
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1

# Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] 79c970 [PCnet32 LANCE]
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=192.168.80.10
GATEWAY=192.168.80.2
TYPE=Ethernet
HWADDR="00:0C:29:45:33:82"
HWADDR="00:0C:29:55:BA:2A"

This new address can see when run ifconfig(see above) or can be found in the .vmx file too!

..
ethernet0.generatedAddress = "00:0c:29:55:ba:2a"
ethernet1.generatedAddress = "00:0c:29:55:ba:34"
..

and remove file:

# rm /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

# reboot

Reboot and run ifconfig to check

Posted in Linux, VMWare | 2 Comments »

Setup Oracle ASM disk using block device UDEV

May 16th, 2012 . by admin

TASK: Create a ASM diskgroup with 2 disks using block device UDEV

add 2 new disks:

[root@rac1 ~]# ls -l /dev/sdb /dev/sdc
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 16 May 15 11:08 /dev/sdb
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 32 May 15 11:08 /dev/sdc

Create partition:

# fdisk /dev/sdb
# fdisk /dev/sdc

Press ‘n’ for add a new partition, ‘p’ for primary partition, ’1′ for Partition number,
Enter for default first/last cylinder, ‘w’ for write partition table

Get the SCSI UID

[root@rac1 ~]# scsi_id -g -u -s /block/sdb/sdb1
36000c297c65fe681b4d2f5224f35d280
[root@rac1 ~]# scsi_id -g -u -s /block/sdc/sdc1
36000c29b69a4f6a08d1318471c17d92e
[root@rac1 ~]#

Create udev rules

Create file /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules

KERNEL=="sd?1", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p",
RESULT=="36000c297c65fe681b4d2f5224f35d280", NAME="myasm-disk1",
OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sd?1", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s %p",
RESULT=="36000c29b69a4f6a08d1318471c17d92e", NAME="myasm-disk2",
OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

Test with udevtest

[root@rac1 ~]# udevtest /block/sdb/sdb1
main: looking at device '/block/sdb/sdb1' from subsystem 'block'
udev_rules_get_name: add symlink 'disk/by-id/scsi-36000c297c65fe681b4d2f5224f35d280-part1'
udev_rules_get_name: add symlink 'disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1'
run_program: '/lib/udev/vol_id --export /dev/.tmp-8-17'
run_program: '/lib/udev/vol_id' returned with status 4
run_program: '/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s /block/sdb/sdb1'
run_program: '/sbin/scsi_id' (stdout) '36000c297c65fe681b4d2f5224f35d280'
run_program: '/sbin/scsi_id' returned with status 0
udev_rules_get_name: rule applied, 'sdb1' becomes 'myasm-disk1'
udev_device_event: device '/block/sdb/sdb1' already in database, validate currently present symlinks
udev_node_add: creating device node '/dev/myasm-disk1', major = '8', minor = '17', mode = '0660', uid = '501', gid = '1300'
udev_node_add: creating symlink '/dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36000c297c65fe681b4d2f5224f35d280-part1' to '../../myasm-disk1'
udev_node_add: creating symlink '/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1' to '../../myasm-disk1'
main: run: 'socket:/org/kernel/dm/multipath_event'
main: run: 'socket:/org/kernel/udev/monitor'
main: run: '/lib/udev/udev_run_devd'
main: run: 'socket:/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event'
main: run: '/sbin/pam_console_apply /dev/myasm-disk1 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-36000c297c65fe681b4d2f5224f35d280-part1 /dev/disk/by-
path/pci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1'
[root@rac1 ~]#

[root@rac1 ~]# udevtest /block/sdc/sdc1
..
udev_rules_get_name: rule applied, 'sdc1' becomes 'myasm-disk2'
....

Restart udev

# udevcontrol reload_rules
# start_udev

List disks:

[root@rac1 ~]# ls -l /dev/my*
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 17 May 15 11:36 /dev/myasm-disk1
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 33 May 15 11:36 /dev/myasm-disk2

It seem correct with ownership and permissions. The rules are correct applied.

Create diskgroup

CREATE DISKGROUP block_dg EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY
DISK '/dev/myasm-disk1' name myasm1, '/dev/myasm-disk2' name myasm2;

CREATE DISKGROUP block_dg EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY
  2  DISK '/dev/myasm-disk1' name myasm1, '/dev/myasm-disk2' name myasm2;
CREATE DISKGROUP block_dg EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-15018: diskgroup cannot be created
ORA-15031: disk specification '/dev/myasm-disk2' matches no disks
ORA-15014: path '/dev/myasm-disk2' is not in the discovery set
ORA-15031: disk specification '/dev/myasm-disk1' matches no disks
ORA-15014: path '/dev/myasm-disk1' is not in the discovery set

Change Parameter asm_diskstring

Before:

SQL> show parameter asm_diskstring

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
asm_diskstring                       string

SQL> select name, label, mount_status, header_status, path from v$asm_disk;

NAME                 LABEL                MOUNT_S HEADER_STATU PATH
-------------------- -------------------- ------- ------------ --------------------
V1                   V1                   CACHED  MEMBER       ORCL:V1
V2                   V2                   CACHED  MEMBER       ORCL:V2
V3                   V3                   CACHED  MEMBER       ORCL:V3

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET asm_diskstring ='ORCL:*','/dev/myasm*' SCOPE=both SID='*';

Note:
‘ORCL:*’ mean all disks, which are stamped by ASMLib (oracleasm createdisk …)
asm_diskstring with null string ” is equivalent as ‘ORCL:*’

After:

SQL> show parameter asm_diskstring

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
asm_diskstring                       string      ORCL:*, /dev/myasm*

SQL> select name, label, mount_status, header_status, path from v$asm_disk;

NAME                 LABEL                MOUNT_S HEADER_STATU PATH
-------------------- -------------------- ------- ------------ --------------------
                                          CLOSED  FORMER       /dev/myasm-disk2
                                          CLOSED  FORMER       /dev/myasm-disk1
V1                   V1                   CACHED  MEMBER       ORCL:V1
V2                   V2                   CACHED  MEMBER       ORCL:V2
V3                   V3                   CACHED  MEMBER       ORCL:V3

Run create diskgroup again:

CREATE DISKGROUP block_dg EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY
  2  DISK '/dev/myasm-disk1' name myasm1, '/dev/myasm-disk2' name myasm2;

Diskgroup created.

SQL> select name, label, mount_status, header_status, path from v$asm_disk;

NAME                 LABEL                MOUNT_S HEADER_STATU PATH
-------------------- -------------------- ------- ------------ --------------------
V1                   V1                   CACHED  MEMBER       ORCL:V1
V2                   V2                   CACHED  MEMBER       ORCL:V2
V3                   V3                   CACHED  MEMBER       ORCL:V3
MYASM2                                    CACHED  MEMBER       /dev/myasm-disk2
MYASM1                                    CACHED  MEMBER       /dev/myasm-disk1

Posted in Linux, Oracle | No Comments »

rlwrap – You need the GNU readline library(ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/readline/ ) to build this program!

May 14th, 2012 . by admin

you try install rlwrap from source:

# cd rlwrap-0.37
# ./configure

and see this:

...
configure: WARNING: No termcap nor curses library found
checking for readline in -lreadline... no
configure: error: 

You need the GNU readline library(ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/readline/ ) to build
this program!

Why? readline is here installed!

# rpm -qa|grep readline
readline-6.0-3.el6.x86_64

TODO: What rlwrap mean here is readline-devel
run:

# yum install readline-devel

..
Installing:
 readline-devel       x86_64       6.0-3.el6                  OEL62       134 k
Installing for dependencies:
 ncurses-devel        x86_64       5.7-3.20090208.el6         OEL62       643 k
...

to install are 2 packages: readline-devel, ncurses-devel

now you can install rlwrap 0.37 as usual

# ./configure
# make
# make install

[root@oel62 ~]# which rlwrap
/usr/local/bin/rlwrap

Posted in Linux | No Comments »

Setup Oracle ASM disk with loopback device file

May 12th, 2012 . by admin

TODO: Create a ASM diskgroup using loopback device files

Creat the files

# mkdir /asmdisks

# dd if=/dev/zero of=/asmdisks/disk1 bs=1k count=30000
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/asmdisks/disk2 bs=1k count=30000

mean: writes 30000 blocks of 1k(or 1024bytes), also 30000×1024 bytes of binary zeros into the file /asmdisks/disk1

# ls -lh
total 587M
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 293M May 12 22:08 disk1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 293M May 12 22:08 disk2

Setup lopback devices

# losetup /dev/loop1 /asmdisks/disk1
# losetup /dev/loop2 /asmdisks/disk2

List:

# losetup -a
/dev/loop1: [fd00]:684796 (/asmdisks/disk1)
/dev/loop2: [fd00]:684797 (/asmdisks/disk2)

Stamp the disks with ASMLib

# oracleasm createdisk LO_DISK1 /dev/loop1
# oracleasm createdisk LO_DISK2 /dev/loop2

Create diskgroup

SQL> sqlplus / as sysasm
SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP loop_dg EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY
DISK 'ORCL:LO_DISK1' name loop_disk1,
     'ORCL:LO_DISK2' name loop_disk2;

Diskgroup created.

SQL> select a.name, b.name, b.path
   from v$asm_diskgroup a, v$asm_disk b
   where a.name = 'LOOP_DG'
   and a.group_number=b.group_number;

NAME                 NAME                 PATH
-------------------- -------------------- --------------------
LOOP_DG              LOOP_DISK1           ORCL:LO_DISK1
LOOP_DG              LOOP_DISK2           ORCL:LO_DISK2

Posted in Linux, Oracle | No Comments »

Install Oracle Linux OEL6.2 on VMWare

May 10th, 2012 . by admin

Steps to install Oracle Enterprise Linux OEL 6.2 on VMWare:

Change monitor setting
Package Selection
Disable Firewall
Disable SELINUX
Mount OEL Linux DVD
Install package createrepo
Create YUM repository
Install gcc, kernel-uek-devel, kernel-uek-headers
Install VMWare Tools
Upgrade xorg-x11-drv-vmware driver
Reset monitor setting

Before run install temporarily change setting:

Setting..>Hardware->Display->Monitors->Maximum resolution..
1024 x 768

This is nescessary, because without this step the display of the install is cropped and you dont see the button Back, Next!

Package Selection

Run install accept all default, but Package Group Selection:

Desktop Platform
General Purpose Desktop
X Windows System
Fonts

Disable Firewall

On Linux Client click System->Administration->Firewall->Disable, Apply

Disable SELINUX

Edit file /etc/selinux/config:

SELINUX=disabled

Mount OEL Linux DVD

# mkdir /mnt/oel62

add to file /etc/fstab:

/dev/cdrom              /mnt/oel62              iso9660 ro,loop,auto    0 0

remount:

# mount -a

Install package createrepo

# cd /mnt/oel62
# rpm -ivh deltarpm* python-deltarpm*
# rpm -ivh createrepo*

Create YUM repository

Create file /etc/yum.repo.d/oel62.repo, add this:

[OEL62]
name=Oracle Linux 6.2
baseurl=file:///mnt
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

Run createrepo

# createrepo /mnt

Install gcc, uek-kernel-devel, uek-kernel-headers

This packages are need forVMWare Tools (later)

# yum install gcc
# yum install kernel-uek-devel
# yum install kernel-uek-headers

more see: https://forums.oracle.com/forums/thread.jspa?threadID=2328141

Install VMWare Tools

On VMWare click Menu VM->Install VMware Tools
On Linux client mount:

# mkdir /media/vmt
# mount -o loop /dev/cdrom /media/vmt

Unzip:

# cd /tmp
# tar xvzf /media/vmt/VMwareTools-8.8.2-590212.tar.gz

Run install VMWareTools:

# cd vmware-tools-distrib/
# ./vmware-install.pl

Press always Enter to accept all defaults

Upgrade xorg-x11-drv-vmware driver

Check if you can connect Internet, manual download the driver and install

# cd /tmp

for 64 bits:

# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/latest/x86_64/xorg-x11-drv-vmware-11.0.3-1.0.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -Uvh xorg-x11-drv-vmware-11.0.3-1.0.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

or for 32 bits:

# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/latest/i386/xorg-x11-drv-vmware-11.0.3-1.0.1.el6.i686.rpm
# rpm -Uvh xorg-x11-drv-vmware-11.0.3-1.0.1.el6.i686.rpm

without this step, the screen of Linux client is not resized when you resize the host!
more see: http://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?language=en_US&cmd=displayKC&externalId=2013045

Reset monitor setting

Shutdown the virtual machine and reset Monitor Setting from 1024 x 768 (see Step1 ) to:
Use host setting for monitors

..and power on the client again

Posted in Linux, VMWare | 1 Comment »

Fixed Font Monospace in Oracle Linux OEL 6.2

May 7th, 2012 . by admin

When you install Oracle Linux 6.2 and don’t choose ‘Fonts’ on the step ‘Package Group Selection’
you got a thin and pale monospace font on the Terminal.

TODO:

# yum install dejavu-sans-mono-fonts.noarch

or goto directory Packages of the OEL DVD and run:

#rpm -ivh dejavu-sans-mono-fonts-2.30-2.el6.noarch.rpm

more about Monospace font:

# yum search monospace
...
dejavu-lgc-sans-mono-fonts.noarch : Monospace sans-serif font faces, Latin-Greek-Cyrillic subset
dejavu-sans-mono-fonts.noarch : Monospace sans-serif font faces
liberation-mono-fonts.noarch : Monospace fonts to replace commonly used Microsoft Courier New
thai-scalable-tlwgmono-fonts.noarch : Thai TlwgMono fonts
culmus-miriam-mono-clm-fonts.noarch : Fonts for Hebrew from Culmus project

Posted in Linux | No Comments »

Create Local YUM repository

May 2nd, 2012 . by admin

Mount DVD

# mkdir /mnt/oel58
# mount -o loop -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/oel58/

Create file /etc/yum.repos.d/oel58.repo

[OEL5.8]
name = Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.8 DVD
baseurl=file:///mnt
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

Create repo

# cd /mnt
# createrepo .

Posted in Linux | No Comments »

ssh-agent

August 15th, 2011 . by admin

ssh-agent is a program to hold private keys used for public key authentication (RSA, DSA)
With ssh-agent you can connect to a remote machine without typing in a password.

1.Start ssh-agent:

[susi@pc2 ~]$ eval `ssh-agent`
Agent pid 6441

See the parameter of ssh-agent:

[susi@pc2 ~]$ set | grep SSH
SSH_AGENT_PID=6441
SSH_ASKPASS=/usr/libexec/openssh/gnome-ssh-askpass
SSH_AUTH_SOCK=/tmp/ssh-IETotW6440/agent.6440

SSH_AGENT_PID: is the process id of ssh-agent
SSH_ASKPASS: is the mini program to ask the passphrase
SSH_AUTH_SOCK: is the socket, place where ssh-agent stores the privat ssh-key

[susi@pc2 ~]$ file /tmp/ssh-IETotW6440/agent.6440
/tmp/ssh-IETotW6440/agent.6440: socket

ssh-agent process

[susi@pc2 ~]$ ps -p 6441
  PID TTY          TIME CMD
 6441 ?        00:00:00 ssh-agent

2.Add private key to ssh-agent

[susi@pc2 ~]$ ssh-add
Enter passphrase for /home/susi/.ssh/id_rsa:
Identity added: /home/susi/.ssh/id_rsa (/home/susi/.ssh/id_rsa)

Check: list what the agent known
List the fingerprints

[susi@pc2 ~]$ ssh-add -l
2048 0b:68:9d:ca:99:03:f7:ce:f1:68:f0:fb:ce:9e:04:4e /home/susi/.ssh/id_rsa (RSA)

List the public key file

[susi@pc2 ~]$ ssh-add -L
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAzZwAxWc1c5YWKejXkVRGigy2Ua4NqgnS2Kf+gqFskxFVeOQxtUJdKp1N0TYdxtoTOiHXbrgoFBEsEvS7xNPmam3sb/
AzFSjT7UCcGfCH0nVnF9IfM//dcCr4+g8fQs/K4QYMAYWWbumNRHMsKwJOLrbGUm+wxWwwHZ6GNE5TNPx0eJE702r3357hPbtDdza5C5ttxUaHwyg97r60r/
NKoWCSI+2303ScVe6z6L+CBa7Zi8hL0TJUZmqNQfpCvkHuVq09u43GaUWAFxVNpwY49/OoiuqIZUZ548xoDgcw5I7ocGxtvGds8t2wHgJ/kd8yjCwkpgZPbawu2HLkA2TscQ==
/home/susi/.ssh/id_rsa

3.Test

[susi@pc2 ~]$ ssh otto@pc1
Last login: Tue Aug  2 11:57:52 2011 from pc2.mydom.com
[otto@pc1 ~]

here is passphrase not required!

Stop ssh-agent

[susi@pc2 ~]$ ssh-agent -k
unset SSH_AUTH_SOCK;
unset SSH_AGENT_PID;
echo Agent pid 6441 killed;

Now, when connect to remote server, passphrase is required again:

[susi@pc2 ~]$ ssh otto@pc1
Enter passphrase for key '/home/susi/.ssh/id_rsa': <==ppsusi

Posted in Linux | No Comments »

« Previous Entries

Result:

SHORT:

Create partition:

Get the SCSI UID

Create udev rules

Restart udev

Create diskgroup

Change Parameter asm_diskstring

Creat the files

Setup lopback devices

Stamp the disks with ASMLib

Create diskgroup

Mount DVD

Create file /etc/yum.repos.d/oel58.repo

Create repo

1.Start ssh-agent:

2.Add private key to ssh-agent

3.Test

Stop ssh-agent

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